Which of the following is an example of Knowledge of Results feedback?

• A. Verbal, Video, Kinematics
• B. Randomly timed comments
• C. Spin rate or launch
• D. Player's emotion cue

Answer: (C)

Knowledge of Results feedback is information about the outcome of an action—the actual result of the movement—rather than how the movement was performed. In golf or any skill, KR tells you what happened when you acted, so you can judge success or adjust based on the result.

Spin rate or launch fits this idea because it reports the ball’s outcome: how the ball launched and how it spun, which directly reflects the result of the shot. It tells you where the ball ended up and how it performed, enabling adjustments to reach the target.

The other options focus on what happened during the movement rather than the outcome. Verbal, video, and kinematics relate to the movement pattern or technique (Knowledge of Performance). Randomly timed comments lack consistent link to outcome and aren't a reliable source of KR. A player’s emotion cue is about internal state, not the shot’s result.

So, the example that illustrates Knowledge of Results.