Which scheduling approach reduces KR or KP gradually as learners improve?

• A. The fading frequency schedule
• B. Constant feedback
• C. Immediate feedback after errors
• D. Full feedback always

Answer: (C)

The idea being tested is how feedback is scheduled to support learning while encouraging independence. Knowledge of Results (KR) and Knowledge of Performance (KP) give information about outcomes and movement form, but a learner benefits most when feedback is provided in a way that fades as they get better.

Giving feedback only after errors ties the guidance directly to performance mistakes. Early on, errors are common, so feedback is frequent and helps correct issues quickly. As practice continues and skill improves, errors become rarer, so feedback events naturally decline. This creates a gradual reduction in external guidance—KR/KP—without needing to schedule every trial, which helps the learner rely more on their own error detection and self-correction. It’s an efficient way to keep feedback meaningful and targeted as proficiency grows.

Constant feedback keeps guidance constant regardless of performance, which can foster dependence. Providing feedback after every trial irrespective of error does not inherently reduce feedback as competence rises. Immediate feedback after errors, by contrast, automatically scales down as errors decrease, aligning with the learner’s progression.